During the operation of the treatment pump, cavitation is a common hazard, which has a great impact on the performance and service life of the pump. Cavitation refers to the local pressure of the liquid in the pump being lower than the vapor pressure of the liquid, causing the liquid to vaporize, form bubbles and flow with the fluid. When these bubbles enter the high-pressure area, a large amount of energy will be released due to the bubble burst, generating shock waves, leading to erosion and damage to the pump body and impeller surface. In order to ensure the stable operation of the treatment pump and extend its service life, it is very important to prevent the occurrence of cavitation.
Reasonable pump selection is the key to avoiding cavitation. The selection of the pump needs to be comprehensively considered based on the properties of the medium, flow rate, head and other operating parameters. Generally, low suction head and too low flow rate are common factors that cause cavitation. When selecting, special attention should be paid to the suction pressure of the pump and the matching flow range. Selecting the right pump type can ensure that it operates within the normal working range, thereby reducing the risk of cavitation.
The design of the treatment pump should have good anti-cavitation performance. During the design phase of the pump, some anti-cavitation design measures are taken, such as optimizing the flow passages of the pump body and impeller, reducing the rate of change of flow velocity, and ensuring that the liquid flows evenly in the pump. These designs can effectively reduce the pressure fluctuations of the liquid in the pump and reduce the occurrence of cavitation. At the same time, highly wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials can also be used in the design, especially in the material selection of key components such as impellers and pump casings, using materials with more cavitation resistance to improve the durability and cavitation resistance of the pump.
Maintaining a suitable suction pressure is also an important measure to prevent cavitation. The suction pressure of the pump directly affects the state of the fluid in the pump. If the suction pressure is too low, the fluid is prone to vaporization, which leads to cavitation. In order to ensure that the suction pressure is not lower than the vapor pressure of the liquid, the installation position of the pump should be avoided as much as possible, and the suction pipeline should be unobstructed through reasonable pipeline design. Reasonably arrange the inclination angle of the suction pipeline to avoid large resistance in the pipeline and reduce the generation of bubbles.
The operating conditions of the pump also have an important impact on cavitation. During the operation of the pump, low flow should be avoided. When running at low flow rate, the liquid flow rate in the pump is slow, which can easily cause local pressure to be too low, thus causing cavitation. Therefore, the pump should be kept in a reasonable working range during operation to ensure stable flow. In addition, by setting appropriate outlet pressure and reflux device, the possibility of cavitation can also be effectively reduced.
Regular maintenance and inspection are also important measures to prevent cavitation. After long-term operation, the treatment pump may suffer from impeller wear and loose sealing. These problems may reduce the working efficiency of the pump and increase the risk of cavitation. Regularly checking the working condition of the pump, replacing damaged parts in time, and keeping the pump body clean can effectively reduce the frequency of cavitation.
Preventing the occurrence of cavitation requires starting from the design, selection, installation, operation and maintenance of the pump, and reducing the risk of cavitation through reasonable measures, so as to ensure the efficient and safe operation of the pump. Only under multi-faceted control can cavitation be effectively avoided, the service life of the pump be extended, and its operating efficiency be improved.